how to configure DNS server with bind9 on ubuntu 22.04

 BIND or BIND 9 is an open source implementation of DNS, available for almost all Linux distributions. BIND stands Berkeley Internet Name Domain & it allows us to publish DNS information on internet as well as allows us to resolve DNS queries for the users. BIND is by far the most used DNS software on Internet.

DNS or Domain Name System, as we know is an internet service that is used to translate the user friendly domain into computer friendly IP addresses. Not only can we translate domain names to IP addresses, we can also perform reverse translation i.e. from IP addresses to domain name translations. In this post, we are going to learn to setup a private DNS server by implementing BIND 9 on Ubuntu 22.04.

1) Install  bind9

$ sudo apt install bind9 bind9utils bind9-doc

2) Copy files

Firstly is change directory to:

cd /etc/bind/

copy "db.local" to "db.artha"

cp db.local db.artha

copy db.127 db.226

cp db.127 db.226

3) Edit files

edit "db.artha

;
; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL    604800
@       IN      SOA     artha.ot. root.artha.ot. (
                              2         ; Serial
                         604800         ; Refresh
                          86400         ; Retry
                        2419200         ; Expire
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@       IN      NS      artha.ot.
@       IN      A       192.168.217.82
www     IN      A       192.168.217.82

edit "db.226"

;
; BIND reverse data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL    604800
@       IN      SOA     artha.ot. root.artha.ot. (
                              1         ; Serial
                         604800         ; Refresh
                          86400         ; Retry
                        2419200         ; Expire
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@       IN      NS      artha.ot.
1       IN      PTR     artha.ot.

edit "named.conf.default.zones"

// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers
zone "." {
        type hint;
        file "/usr/share/dns/root.hints";
};

// be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for
// broadcast zones as per RFC 1912

zone "artha.ot" {
        type master;
        file "/etc/bind/db.artha";
};

zone "217.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        type master;
        file "/etc/bind/db.226";
};

//zone "localhost" {
//      type master;
//      file "/etc/bind/db.local";
//};

//zone "127.in-addr.arpa" {
//      type master;
//      file "/etc/bind/db.127";
//};

zone "0.in-addr.arpa" {
        type master;
        file "/etc/bind/db.0";
};

zone "255.in-addr.arpa" {
        type master;
        file "/etc/bind/db.255";
};

edit "/etc/resolv.conf"

# This is /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf managed by man:systemd-resol>
# Do not edit.
#
# This file might be symlinked as /etc/resolv.conf. If you're looking at
# /etc/resolv.conf and seeing this text, you have followed the symlink.
#
# This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the
# internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all
# configured search domains.
#
# Run "resolvectl status" to see details about the uplink DNS servers
# currently in use.
#
# Third party programs should typically not access this file directly, but o>
# through the symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a
# different way, replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlin>
#
# See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes >
# operation for /etc/resolv.conf.

#nameserver 127.0.0.53
options edns0 trust-ad
#search .

nameserver 192.168.217.82
domain artha.ot
search artha.ot

edit "/etc/default/bind9" atau "/etc/default/named" bila tidak ada

#
# run resolvconf?
RESOLVCONF=no

# startup options for the server
OPTIONS="-4 -u bind"

4) Restart Bind9

systemctl restart bind9

systemctl status bind9 -l

5) Uji coba DNS server

try "nslookup"

nslookup artha.ot

Try DNS to browser